COLLECTIVE FARMS MANAGERS’ REMUNERATION IN THE 1930–1960s (ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS
OF THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA) 

Izyumova Larisa Vladimirovna, Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of Russian history, Vologda State University (15 Lenina street, Vologda, Russia), E-mail: ilvvologda05@rambler.ru 

94(47).084 

DOI

10.21685/2072-3024-2020-2-7 

Background. During the 1930s and 1960s, during the development of the collective farm system, serious adjustments were made to the remuneration of collective farmers. The aim of the work is to trace the evolution in the remuneration of heads of collective farms. The study of this issue allows us to analyze the policy of the state in relation to various categories of collective farm peasantry, to highlight some aspects of the relationship between the collective farm elite and ordinary farmers.
Materials and methods. The realization of research objectives has been achieved through usage of documents retrieved from the collection of the Russian state archive of economy, State archive of the Russian Federation, the State archive of Vologda region, Vologda regional archive of recent political history. Special attention is given to the published legal acts and statistical materials. The methodology of the study is based on the principles of a systematic approach to the consideration of the history of Soviet society. Methodological potential includes: comparativehistorical method, the use of which allows to compare the remuneration of different categories of collective farmers of the European North of Russia; statistical method, the importance of which is obvious for the analysis of data related to the study of the financial situation of the population.
Results. The evolution of forms and mechanisms of remuneration of collective farm managers in the 1930–1960s is investigated, and their financial situation is compared with other categories of collective farmers. Attention is paid to the problem of relations within the collective farm society, including those related to the issues of the remuneration of various categories of collective farmers.
Coclusions. The system collective farms managers’ remuneration differed from the remuneration of ordinary farmers. Chairmen of collective farms much earlier than other categories of collective farmers received first guaranteed payment in workdays, and then were transferred to cash payment. By the end of 1960-ies there was an approximation of wages in collective farms to the level and forms prevailing in the state, primarily agricultural, enterprises. There was still discontent of collective farmers of their financial status position, as the wages of agricultural workers lagged far behind the level of wages in industry. 

Key words

collective farm, collective farm production, collective farm peasantry, collective farm chairman, workday, remuneration, remuneration 

 Download PDF

1. Rossiyskiy gosudarstvennyy arkhiv ekonomiki (RGAE) [Russian State Archive of Economics]. F. 7486. Op. 19. D. 399. [In Russian]
2. Vologodskiy oblastnoy arkhiv noveyshey politicheskoy istorii (VOANPI) [Vologda Regional Archive of Recent Political History]. F. 2522. Op. 2. D. 183. [In Russian]
3. VOANPI. F. 2522. Op. 2. D. 162.
4. Istoriya kolkhoznogo prava: sbornik zakonodatel'nykh materialov SSSR i RSFSR, 1917–1958: v 2 t. [The history of collective farm law: a collection of legislative materials of the USSR and the RSFSR, 1917–1958: in 2 volumes]. Moscow: Gosyurizdat, 1959, vol. 2, 539 p. [In Russian]
5. Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Vologodskoy oblasti (GAVO) [State Archive of Vologda region]. F. 1705. Op. 9. D. 1394. [In Russian]
6. RGAE. F. 9476. Op. 1. D. 1310.
7. GAVO. F. 1705. Op. 9. D. 1630.
8. Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii (GARF) [State Archive of the Russian Federation]. F. A-310. Op. 1. D. 1892. [In Russian]
9. GAVO. F. 1705. Op. 9. D. 2556.
10. Gulin K. A., Dimoni T. M., Karpov S. G. Byudzhet i imushchestvo krest'yan Evropeyskogo Severa Rossii vtoroy poloviny XX veka [Budget and property of peasants in the European North of Russia in the second half of the XX century]. Vologda: Rus', 2003, 211 p. [In Russian]
11. Osnovnye ekonomicheskie pokazateli po proizvoditel'nosti i oplate truda kolkhozov RSFSR za 1961–1968 gg.: v 3 ch. [The main economic indicators for productivity and wages of collective farms of the RSFSR for 1961–1968: in 3 parts]. Moscow, 1969, part 1, 258 p. [In Russian]
12. VOANPI. F. 2522. Op. 11. D. 65.